DNA-release by Streptococcus pneumoniae autolysin LytA induced Krueppel-like factor 4 expression in macrophages

Cloning of Minor Autolysin of Streptococcus Pneumoniae

Abstract Background and Objective: Increased antibiotic resistant strains and inadequacy of current vaccines against pneumococcal infections necessitate the study of novel protein antigens. It seems that minor autolysin of Streptococcus pneumoniae may have antigenicity. Thus, we aimed at cloning its gene for the first time. Material and Methods: After DNA extraction of Streptococcus pneumoniae ...

Insights into the Evolutionary Relationships of LytA Autolysin and Ply Pneumolysin-Like Genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae and Related Streptococci

Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is a major human pathogen. The main pneumococcal autolysin LytA and the pneumolysin Ply are two of the bacterium's most important virulence factors. The lytA- and ply-related genes are also found in other streptococci of the Mitis group (SMG). The precise characteristics of the lytA-related-but not the ply-related-genes of SMG and their prophages have bee...

LytA, Major Autolysin of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Requires Access to Nascent Peptidoglycan*

The pneumococcal autolysin LytA is a virulence factor involved in autolysis as well as in fratricidal- and penicillin-induced lysis. In this study, we used biochemical and molecular biological approaches to elucidate which factors control the cytoplasmic translocation and lytic activation of LytA. We show that LytA is mainly localized intracellularly, as only a small fraction was found attached...

TLR9- and Src-dependent expression of Krueppel-like factor 4 controls interleukin-10 expression in pneumonia.

The release of potent pro-inflammatory mediators is crucial to mounting an efficient host response during infection. However, excessive inflammation may lead to deleterious tissue damage. This is highlighted in severe pneumococcal pneumonia, in which the delicate balance between a robust inflammatory response necessary to kill pneumococci and the loss of organ function determines the outcome of...

REVISED 1 2 Pneumococcal LytA Autolysin : a Potent Therapeutic Agent in 3 Experimental Peritonitis - Sepsis Caused by Highly β - Lactam - 4 Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae